Quality Control in Crude Palm Oil Processing by Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) Method at PT. Kebun Ganda Prima PKS Kembayan

Abstract

Quality control is a proactive of systematic effort to identify and eliminate the root causes of defects in Crude Palm Oil (CPO) by focusing resources on process points that have the highest risk of failure. The goal is to achieve optimal product quality consistency at PT. Kebun Ganda Prima. The application of the Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) method in the processing of oil palm fresh fruit bunch (FFB) into CPO at PT. Kebun Ganda Prima PKS Kembayan can serve as an effective alternative to identify, evaluate, and analyze potential failures that may occur during the production process. This study aims to enhance CPO quality by minimizing product defects and optimizing production efficiency through the tracing of critical points in the process that are susceptible to failure. The results of the FMEA analysis indicate that the highest-risk failure mode occurs at the Fresh Fruit Bunch (FFB) reception stage, specifically poor oil palm fruit quality, with the highest Risk Priority Number (RPN) value of 128.85. This condition is characterized by a high proportion of overripe or rotten fruit, which is the primary cause of the increased Free Fatty Acid (FFA) content in the CPO. Additionally, other potential failures were identified in the form of imperfect stripping (threshing) and malfunction of key equipment, such as the sterilizer and thresher. Based on these findings, quality control efforts should be focused on strict supervision of initial raw material quality and the implementation of preventive maintenance on critical machinery. The proposed recommendations include tightening the Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) at the FFB reception stage and optimizing the preventive maintenance schedule to ensure that the processing runs consistently and produces CPO that meets quality standards.